Literature

Deer Antler Velvet Research

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Cegielski Mark, Irene Całkosiński, Peter Dzięgiel, Thomas Gebarowski, Marzena Podhorska-Okołów, Robert Skalik, Maciej Zabel.: Search for stem cells in the growing antler stag (Cervuselaphus) Bull.Vet.Inst.Pulawy Vol.50 no.2 2006.
Chen X, Jia Y, Wang B. Inhibitory effects of the extract of pilose antler on monoamine oxidase in aged mice. Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih. 1992.
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Doron, Ran, Zvi Nevo, and Itay Fenichel. The effect of powder made of quality elk velvet antlers on the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult bone marrow. European Orthopaedics and Traumatology. 2010.
Editor, North American Elk. Research links velvet antler to multi-billion dollar dietary supplement industry. North American Elk. 1998.
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Fisher, B.D.; M. Gilpin; D. Wiles. Strength training parameters in Edmonton police recruits following supplementation with elk velvet antler (EVA). University of Alberta. 1998.
Francis SM and Suttie JM. Detection of growth factors and proto-oncogene mRNA in the growing tip of red deer (Cervus elaphus) antler using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The Journal of Experimental Zoology. 1998.
Garcia RL, Sadighi M, Francis SM, Suttie JM and Fleming JS. Expression of neurotrophin-3 in the growing velvet antler of the red deer Cervus elaphus. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. 1997.
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Kamen, B. & Kamen P. The remarkable healing power of velvet antler. Nutrition Encounter, Novato, CA. 1999.
Ke LJ, Lin DY, Huang XN, Huo YS, Rao PF, Ye XY. [Comparison of protein composition and activities of pilose antler processed by different methods]. Zhong Yao Cai. 2008.
Kim DH, Han SB, Yu KU, et al. Antitumor activity of fermented antler on sarcoma 180 in mice. Yakhak Hoeji. 1994.
Kim HS, Lim HK, Park WK. Antinarcotic effects of the velvet antler water extract on morphine in mice. J Ethnopharmacol . 1999.
Kim HS, Lim HK. Inhibitory effects of velvet antler water extract on morphine-induced conditioned place preference and DA receptor supersensitivity in mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999.
Kim KH, Lee EJ, Kim K, Han SY, Jhon GJ. Modification of concanavalin A-dependent proliferation by phosphatidylcholines isolated from deer antler, Cervus elaphus. Nutrition. 2004.
Kim KL, Shin MK, Lee HI, Kim WH and Lee SI. Effect of several kinds of antler (Cervi cornu) on the erythrocytic activity in experimentally induced anaemic rabbits. Samwon Commercial Company, Korea Trading Agents Associations, Seoul. Undated.
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Ko KM, Yip TT, Tsao SW, Kong YC, Fennessy P, Belew MC and Porath, J. Epidermal growth factor from deer (Cervus elaphus) submaxillary gland and velvet antler. General Comparative Endocrinology. 1986.
Li C, Littlejohn RP, Suttie JM. Effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 and testosterone on the proliferation of antlerogenic cells in vitro. J Exp Zool. 1999.
Lu L, Wang K, Li L, Xuan Z, Gong X. [Effect of velvet antler polypeptide on peripheral nerve regeneration]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2008.
Lu LJ, Chen L, Meng XT, Yang F, Zhang ZX, Chen D. Biological effect of velvet antler polypeptides on neural stem cells from embryonic rat brain. Chin Med J (Engl). 2005.
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Min J, Lee YJ, Kim YA, Park HS, Han SY, Jhon GJ, Choi W. Lysophosphatidylcholine derived from deer antler extract suppresses hyphal transition in Candida albicans through MAP kinase pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001.
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Price JS, Oyajobi BO, Oreffo RO, et al. Cells cultured from the growing tip of red deer antler express alkaline phosphatase and proliferate in response to insulin-like growth factor-I. J Endocrinol. 1994.
Shim SD and Ahn DK. Effects of Cervi Cornu on the aged ovariectomized rate model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Korean Journal of Herbal Medicine. 1999.
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Sunwoo, H.H.; L.YM. Sim; T. Nakano; R.J. Hudson; J.S. Sim. Glycosaminoglycans from growing antlers of wapiti (Cervus elaphus). Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 1997.
Suttie JM, Fennessy PF, Haines SR, Kerr D, Sadighi M and Isaacs C. The New Zealand velvet antler industry: Background and research findings. Proceedings of the Korean Symposium on Deer Velvet Antler, Korean Society of Pharmacognosy. 1994.
Wang, B.X.;AJ. Liu; X.J. Cheng; Q.G.Wang; G. R.Wei; J.C.Cui. Anti-ulcer action of the polysaccharides isolated from pilose antler. Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pa I [undated].
Wang, Ben-Xiang. Advances in the research of chemistry, pharmacology and clinical application of pilose antler. 1996.Proceedings of the ’96 International Symposium on Deer Science and Deer Products. Changchun, China. 1996.
Wang, Ben-Xiang, Chen H., Xu W., Zhang W and Zhang J. Effect of polyamines isolated from pilose antler on RNA polymerase activities in mouse liver. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. 1990.
Wang, Ben-Xiang, Chen X. and Zhang W. Influence of the active compounds isolated from pilose antler on synthesis of protein and RNA in mouse liver. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. 1990.
Wang, BX, Zhao XH, Qi SB, Kaneko S, Hattori M, Mamba T and Nomura Y. Effects of repeated administration of deer velvet antler extract on biochemical changes related to ageing in senescence-accelerated mice. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1988.
Wang, BX, Zhao XH, Qi SB, Yang XW, Kaneko S, Hattori M, Mamba T and Nomura Y. Stimulating effect of deer velvet antler extract on protein synthesis in senescence-accelerated mice in vivo. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1988.
Whiting, P. Growth hormone in velvet antler. 2001.
Yudin, A. M. and Y. L. Dubryakov. A guide for the preparation and storage of uncalcified male antlers as a medicinal raw material. In Reindeer antlers, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Far East Science Center. Vladivostock. 1974.
Zhang ZQ, Wang Y, Zhang H, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of pilose antler peptide. Zhongguo Yao Li XueBao. 1994.
Zhang ZQ, Zhang Y, Wang BX, et al. Purification and partial characterization of anti-inflammatory peptide from pilose antler ofCervus nippon Temminck. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 1992.
Zhou QL, Guo YJ, Wang LJ, et al. Velvet antler polypeptides promoted proliferation of chondrocytes and osteoblast precursors and fracture healing. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999.